Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment

(ADV-PROG-UNIX.AP1) / ISBN : 978-1-64459-512-1

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About This Course

Skills You’ll Get

Interactive Lessons

23+ Interactive Lessons | 1+ Exercises | 160+ Flashcards | 160+ Glossary of terms

Hands-On Labs

37+ LiveLab | 00+ Minutes

Lesson Plan

Preface

Introduction
Changes from the Second Edition

UNIX System Overview

Introduction
UNIX Architecture
Logging In
Files and Directories
Input and Output
Programs and Processes
Error Handling
User Identification
Signals
Time Values
System Calls and Library Functions
Summary
Exercises

UNIX Standardization and Implementations

Introduction
UNIX Standardization
UNIX System Implementations
Relationship of Standards and Implementations
Limits
Options
Feature Test Macros
Primitive System Data Types
Differences Between Standards
Summary
Exercises

File I/O

Introduction
File Descriptors
open and openat Functions
creat Function
close Function
lseek Function
read Function
write Function
I/O Efficiency
File Sharing
Atomic Operations
dup and dup2 Functions
sync, fsync, and fdatasync Functions
fcntl Function
ioctl Function
/dev/fd
Summary
Exercises

Files and Directories

Introduction
stat, fstat, fstatat, and lstat Functions
File Types
Set-User-ID and Set-Group-ID
File Access Permissions
Ownership of New Files and Directories
access and faccessat Functions
umask Function
chmod, fchmod, and fchmodat Functions
Sticky Bit
chown, fchown, fchownat, and lchown Functions
File Size
File Truncation
File Systems
link, linkat, unlink, unlinkat, and remove Functions
rename and renameat Functions
Symbolic Links
Creating and Reading Symbolic Links
File Times
futimens, utimensat, and utimes Functions
mkdir, mkdirat, and rmdir Functions
Reading Directories
chdir, fchdir, and getcwd Functions
Device Special Files
Summary of File Access Permission Bits
Summary
Exercises

Standard I/O Library

Introduction
Streams and FILE Objects
Standard Input, Standard Output, and Standard Error
Buffering
Opening a Stream
Reading and Writing a Stream
Line-at-a-Time I/O
Standard I/O Efficiency
Binary I/O
Positioning a Stream
Formatted I/O
Implementation Details
Temporary Files
Memory Streams
Alternatives to Standard I/O
Summary
Exercises

System Data Files and Information

Introduction
Password File
Shadow Passwords
Group File
Supplementary Group IDs
Implementation Differences
Other Data Files
Login Accounting
System Identification
Time and Date Routines
Summary
Exercises

Process Environment

Introduction
main Function
Process Termination
Command-Line Arguments
Environment List
Memory Layout of a C Program
Shared Libraries
Memory Allocation
Environment Variables
setjmp and longjmp Functions
getrlimit and setrlimit Functions
Summary
Exercises

Process Control

Introduction
Process Identifiers
fork Function
vfork Function
exit Functions
wait and waitpid Functions
waitid Function
wait3 and wait4 Functions
Race Conditions
exec Functions
Changing User IDs and Group IDs
Interpreter Files
system Function
Process Accounting
User Identification
Process Scheduling
Process Times
Summary
Exercises

Process Relationships

Introduction
Terminal Logins
Network Logins
Process Groups
Sessions
Controlling Terminal
tcgetpgrp, tcsetpgrp, and tcgetsid Functions
Job Control
Shell Execution of Programs
Orphaned Process Groups
FreeBSD Implementation
Summary
Exercises

Signals

Introduction
Signal Concepts
signal Function
Unreliable Signals
Interrupted System Calls
Reentrant Functions
SIGCLD Semantics
Reliable-Signal Terminology and Semantics
kill and raise Functions
alarm and pause Functions
Signal Sets
sigprocmask Function
sigpending Function
sigaction Function
sigsetjmp and siglongjmp Functions
sigsuspend Function
abort Function
system Function
sleep, nanosleep, and clock_nanosleep Functions
sigqueue Function
Job-Control Signals
Signal Names and Numbers
Summary
Exercises

Threads

Introduction
Thread Concepts
Thread Identification
Thread Creation
Thread Termination
Thread Synchronization
Summary
Exercises

Thread Control

Introduction
Thread Limits
Thread Attributes
Synchronization Attributes
Reentrancy
Thread-Specific Data
Cancel Options
Threads and Signals
Threads and fork
Threads and I/O
Summary
Exercises

Daemon Processes

Introduction
Daemon Characteristics
Coding Rules
Error Logging
Single-Instance Daemons
Daemon Conventions
Client–Server Model
Summary
Exercises

Advanced I/O

Introduction
Nonblocking I/O
Record Locking
I/O Multiplexing
Asynchronous I/O
readv and writev Functions
readn and writen Functions
Memory-Mapped I/O
Summary
Exercises

Interprocess Communication

Introduction
Pipes
popen and pclose Functions
Coprocesses
FIFOs
XSI IPC
Message Queues
Semaphores
Shared Memory
POSIX Semaphores
Client–Server Properties
Summary
Exercises

Advanced IPC

Introduction
UNIX Domain Sockets
Unique Connections
Passing File Descriptors
An Open Server, Version 1
An Open Server, Version 2
Summary
Exercises

Terminal I/O

Introduction
Overview
Special Input Characters
Getting and Setting Terminal Attributes
Terminal Option Flags
stty Command
Baud Rate Functions
Line Control Functions
Terminal Identification
Canonical Mode
Noncanonical Mode
Terminal Window Size
termcap, terminfo, and curses
Summary
Exercises

Pseudo Terminals

Introduction
Overview
Opening Pseudo-Terminal Devices
pty_fork Function
pty Program
Using the pty Program
Advanced Features
Summary
Exercises

A Database Library

Introduction
History
The Library
Implementation Overview
Centralized or Decentralized?
Concurrency
Building the Library
Source Code
Performance
Summary
Exercises

Communicating with a Network Printer

Introduction
The Internet Printing Protocol
The Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Printer Spooling
Source Code
Summary
Exercises

Appendix B. Miscellaneous Source Code

B.1. Our Header File
B.2. Standard Error Routines

Hands-on LAB Activities

File I/O

Using the open, openat, and lseek Functions
Performing File Operations
Using File Synchronization Functions

Files and Directories

Retrieving File Metadata Using System Calls
Managing File Access Permissions
Using the umask Function
Managing Ownership of Files and Directories
Managing and Analyzing Files
Managing Files and Directories
Managing File Timestamp
Creating and Reading Symbolic Links
Performing File Timestamp Operations
Reading and Managing Directories
Traversing the File Hirerachy

Standard I/O Library

Using the fwide Function
Working with Standard Input, Output, and Error
Performing File Stream Operations
Exploring File I/O Techniques
Positioning a Stream
Formatting I/O
Temporary Files
Memory streams

System Data Files and Information

Logging in and Identifying the System

Process Environment

Creating the main Function
Using Command-Line Arguments
Allocating dynamic memory
Handling Non-Local Jumps and Resource Limits

Process Control

Identifying Processes
Creating and Terminating processes
Race Conditions in Process Synchronization
Using the exec Function
Managing Processes and User Identification

Process Relationships

Using the setsid and getsid Functions
Using the tcgetpgrp, tcsetpgrp, and tcgetsid Functions

Signals

Using alarm and pause Functions
Using the kill and raise Functions
Using the kill and raise Functions

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Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment